By the sixth century B.C., this development had led 
     to the partial dissolution of the old ways of life, and even 
     to a series of political revolutions and reactions. And it 
     had led not only to attempts to retain and to arrest 
     tribalism by force, as in Sparta, but also to that great 
     spiritual revolution, the invention of critical discussion, 
     and in consequence of thought that was free from 
     magical obsessions. At the same time we find the first 
     symptoms of a new uneasiness. The strain of civilization  
     was beginning to be felt .

          This strain, this uneasiness, is a consequence of the 
     breakdown of the closed society. It is still felt even in our 
     day, especially in times of social change. It is the strain 
     created by the effort which life in an open and partially 
     abstract society continually demands from us—by the